Summary: The article presents a short history of the development of electrical machines. Permanent magnets used in the construction of electrical machines are characterized. The magnetic and electric circuits of DC micromachines excited by ferrite magnets are discussed. The electric machine excited by permanent magnets NdFeB powered by an electric commutator was divided into direct current BLDCM and synchronous BLSM. The rotational speed control properties of BLDCM and BLSM motors were compared with the model which is a DC motor. The summary lists the advantages of BLDCM and BLSM machines compared to other electric machines.